FreeZone vs Mainland Dubai in 2025: 100 Percent Ownership, Corporate Tax and Which Setup Fits Your Business

Free Zone vs Mainland Dubai in 2025: 100 Percent Ownership, Corporate Tax and Which Setup Fits Your Business
Table of Contents

    Introduction

    Dubai’s business ecosystem has become even more investor friendly in 2025, especially with widespread 100 percent foreign ownership now available across both mainland and free zone jurisdictions. While this reform brings the two structures closer, there remain important differences in tax treatment, market access, operational scope, and long-term growth strategies. This guide, published by One Clik Business Setup, gives entrepreneurs a clear overview to help them choose the right licence structure.

    Understanding today’s 100 percent ownership landscape

    Dubai has reshaped its company laws to enable complete foreign ownership across most mainland activities. However, key distinctions still exist.

    • Most commercial and industrial mainland activities now allow full foreign control without the need for a local partner.
    • Strategic sectors related to national interest still require UAE national involvement.
    • Free zones continue to offer 100 percent foreign ownership as a default, which has long been one of their biggest strengths.
    • The relative advantage of free zones has narrowed, but their appeal remains strong due to tax benefits, digital setup processes, and specialised business clusters.

    Entrepreneurs exploring free zones often consider well-known hubs such as Meydan Free Zone, known for its fast and affordable setup solutions, highlighted in this guide: https://one-clik.net/meydan-freezone-company-formation-in-2025-fastest-and-most-affordable-business-setup-in-dubai/. Similarly, IFZA Free Zone attracts global investors due to its flexible licence categories and competitive costs, explained here: https://one-clik.net/ifza-company-formation-in-dubai-a-complete-guide/

    Market access and operational flexibility

    Choosing between freezone and mainland often comes down to where and how a business intends to operate.

    • Mainland companies can sell directly within the UAE without restrictions.
    • They can serve individual consumers, businesses and government entities.
    • Mainland licensing suits retail, clinics, restaurants, salons, logistics, and professional services.
    • Free zone companies can operate within their zone and internationally but require a mainland branch or distributor for onshore trading.
    • Free zones are ideal for digital businesses, consultants, global service providers, e-commerce operations, holding companies and logistics players.

    For a full overview of mainland requirements, this detailed article is useful: https://one-clik.net/setting-up-a-business-in-dubai-mainland-the-complete-guide

    Business meeting with laptop discussion.

    Corporate tax: free zone vs mainland

    With the UAE corporate tax framework now in place, taxation is one of the biggest factors influencing business setup decisions.

    • Mainland companies pay 9 percent corporate tax on taxable profit above the exemption threshold.
    • VAT at 5 percent applies to taxable supplies depending on the activity.
    • Free zone entities may benefit from a 0 percent tax on qualifying income if they meet all requirements as a Qualifying Free Zone Person.
    • Qualifying income generally involves specific activities performed for foreign clients or other qualifying free zone entities.
    • Any income derived from mainland sources typically attracts the 9 percent rate even for free zone businesses.
    • Non-compliance with free zone tax conditions results in losing the 0 percent benefit.

    Entrepreneurs comparing the two often refer to this helpful guide:
    https://one-clik.net/why-uae-freezone-company-formation-is-the-top-choice-for-entrepreneurs/

    Licensing, costs and compliance

    Licensing and cost structures differ greatly between mainland and free zones, which can impact long-term scalability.

    • Mainland licensing is managed by the Department of Economy and Tourism and may require external approvals depending on the activity.
    • Costs vary by emirate, activity type and regulatory requirements.
    • Free zones offer cost-effective packages, often including workspace options such as flexi-desks.
    • Most free zones offer fast digital onboarding, reducing administrative complexity.
    • Both jurisdictions now require proper accounting, tax registration, audits (depending on activity), and financial reporting.
    • Free zone companies must maintain substance requirements to retain tax benefits.

    Businesses estimating capital requirements can refer to:
    https://one-clik.net/minimum-investment-to-start-a-business-in-dubai/

    Visas, offices and growth potential

    Visas and physical office requirements often influence the ideal jurisdiction for scaling.

    • Mainland licences allow businesses to scale visa quotas based on office size, making them ideal for companies building larger teams.
    • Mainland companies can open multiple branches across the emirate.
    • Free zone visa quotas depend on facility type, with flexi-desks offering limited visas and offices providing more.
    • Some free zones, including IFZA and Meydan, offer upgrade options to accommodate growing teams.
    • Free zones such as Meydan offer central Dubai locations, business-friendly infrastructure and attractive packages for startups and consultants.
    • IFZA is known for flexible activity structures, low overheads and strong international appeal.
    Free Zone vs Mainland Dubai in 2025: 100 Percent Ownership, Corporate Tax and Which Setup Fits Your Business

    Key differences at a glance

    Factor Mainland Dubai Dubai Free Zone
    Foreign ownership Up to 100% for most activities approved by DET; some strategic sectors excluded. 100% foreign ownership standard across most zones.
    Market access Full onshore UAE market access and ability to trade directly with residents and many government entities. Primarily within the free zone and overseas; onshore trade requires a mainland presence or local intermediary.
    Corporate tax 9% corporate tax on taxable business profits (subject to thresholds and reliefs), plus 5% VAT on taxable supplies. 0% on qualifying income for QFZP; 9% on non qualifying income or if conditions not met.
    Licence types & activities Very broad spectrum of commercial, industrial and professional licences, including many regulated sectors. Activity lists are zone specific and may be narrower but are tailored to target industries.
    Setup speed & cost Often higher cost and more approvals, but competitive options exist depending on activity and emirate policy. Frequently lower entry packages, bundled with flexi desks and simplified digital processes.
    Visa quotas Generally more generous, scaling with leased office size; suited to larger teams. Visa limits tied to facility type; may need space upgrades as headcount grows.

    How to choose between freezone and mainland?

    The right choice depends on your operational model, revenue structure and long-term goals.

    • If serving UAE customers directly is essential, mainland is the cleanest and most efficient path.
    • If your business is export-focused, online, or global, free zones offer strong advantages including potential tax benefits.
    • Consider long-term expansion, fundraising and holding structures, as both jurisdictions support scalable business models when structured correctly.
    • Entrepreneurs often seek expert guidance from setup specialists like One Clik Business Setup to evaluate which jurisdiction aligns best with their strategy.

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):

    Q1. Is 100 percent foreign ownership available for all mainland businesses?

    No. While most activities allow full foreign ownership, strategic sectors still require UAE national participation.

    Q2. Are all free zone companies exempt from corporate tax?

    No. Only qualifying free zone entities benefit from the 0 percent rate on eligible income.

    Q3. Can a free zone company trade directly in mainland Dubai?

    No. A distributor, agent or mainland branch is required for onshore sales.

    Q4. Is a free zone better for an online global business?

    Yes. Free zones are often ideal for cross-border digital and service-based models.

    Q5. Do both free zone and mainland companies need corporate tax registration?

    Yes. Corporate tax registration is mandatory for both jurisdictions.

    Explore Business Setup Opportunities with OneClik!